Ethan made a diagram to compare examples of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. First Law of Second Law of Thermodynamics Thermodynamics square What belongs in the areas marked X and Y? X: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area Y: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment X: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment Y: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area X: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer Y: Thermal energy is converted to light energy X: Thermal energy is converted to light energy Y: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer

To answer this question, we need to understand the basic principles of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics and then match the examples to the correct law.The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Energy Conservation, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. The total amount of energy remains constant, although it can change forms. For example, when heat is added to a system, it can do work or change the internal energy of the system.The Second Law of Thermodynamics deals with the direction of processes and the concept of entropy. It states that in any energy transfer or transformation, entropy (disorder) in an isolated system will increase. This law also implies that energy conversions are not 100% efficient, and some energy is always lost to the surroundings, often as heat.Now let's match the examples to the correct law: : The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area.This example is related to the First Law of Thermodynamics because it describes how the internal energy of a system changes with the addition of heat. : As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment.This example is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics because it describes how energy is not completely conserved in a usable form and some is lost to the environment, typically as heat. : As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment.This is the same example as the one provided for and is related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics. : The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area.This is the same example as the one provided for and is related to the First Law of Thermodynamics. : A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer.This example is related to the First Law of Thermodynamics because it describes the transfer of heat energy to the spoon, increasing its internal energy. : Thermal energy is converted to light energy.This example could be related to both laws, but it is more closely related to the Second Law of Thermodynamics because it involves the conversion of energy from one form to another, and in real-world scenarios, some energy would be lost in the process. : Thermal energy is converted to light energy.As mentioned above, this example could relate to both laws but is more closely associated with the Second Law due to the conversion of energy and the potential loss of efficiency. : A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer.This example is related to the First Law of Thermodynamics, as previously explained.Based on the principles of the laws and the examples provided, the correct matches are: : A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer. (First Law of Thermodynamics) : As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment. (Second Law of Thermodynamics)Final Answer: : A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer. : As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment.