c) Ben adds another identical bulb to the circuit in series. How does the brightness of the first bulb change? __

## Step 1:In a series circuit, the total resistance of the circuit increases when another component (in this case, an identical bulb) is added. This is because the total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of the individual resistances. ### ## Step 2:The increase in total resistance leads to a decrease in the total current flowing through the circuit, as per Ohm's law. Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance between them.### ## Step 3:The decrease in current results in a decrease in the brightness of the bulbs. This is because the brightness of a bulb in a circuit is directly proportional to the power dissipated by it, which is given by the product of the current flowing through it and the voltage across it. ###