()4. (a) In an iron rod the particles vibrate. If one end of an iron rod is heated.the vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles which are not vibrating so violently. What is this process called? conduction (b) An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water. The water next to the heater becomes warm. (i) What will happen to the warmed water next to the heater? Give a reason for your answer. 2 marks (ii) Why can heat not be transferred in this way in an iron rod? 1 mark (c) In a liquid, some of the particles have enough kinetic energy to escape from the surface. This process happens even when the liquid is well below its boiling point. What is this process called? 1 mark (ii) How will this affect the temperature of the liquid left in the container? 1 mark Maximum 6 marks (a)Why did a spot of lig Light can be split u many colours. Light travels in str lines (b) Gabby moved c The ray of light Continue the f Use a ruler.

Question

()4. (a) In an iron rod the particles vibrate. If one end of an iron rod is heated.the vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles which are not vibrating so violently. What is this process called? conduction (b) An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water. The water next to the heater becomes warm. (i) What will happen to the warmed water next to the heater? Give a reason for your answer. 2 marks (ii) Why can heat not be transferred in this way in an iron rod? 1 mark (c) In a liquid, some of the particles have enough kinetic energy to escape from the surface. This process happens even when the liquid is well below its boiling point. What is this process called? 1 mark (ii) How will this affect the temperature of the liquid left in the container? 1 mark Maximum 6 marks (a)Why did a spot of lig Light can be split u many colours. Light travels in str lines (b) Gabby moved c The ray of light Continue the f Use a ruler.

Answer 1

a) The process is called "Conduction".b)(i) The warmed water will rise because warm water is less dense than cool water.(ii) Heat transfer like this can't occur in an iron rod because in solids, the particles are tightly packed and cannot move about freely.c)(i) This process is known as "Evaporation".(ii) This will result in lower average kinetic energy of the remaining particles, thus reducing the temperature of the liquid left in the container.

Answer 2

(a) This process, where vibrating particles in a solid material transfer energy to the neighbouring particles gradually is known as conduction.(b) (i) The warmed water next to the heater will rise and transfer the heat to the surrounding cooler particles. This usually happens as a physics principle in fluids (gases and liquids) because warm particles are lighter (less dense) than the cooler ones. It also explains why a spot of light can be split into several colours since diffraction, or the splitting of light, is caused by these temperature differences leading to the process where each "colour" of light is deflected (or refracted) by a different amount causing it to separate from the others.(b) (ii) Conduction method of heat transfer utilized by vibrating particles cannot take place via iron rod because iron is a solid. In solids, particles do not have the freedom to move or circulate like fluids. Hence, the primary mode of heat transfer is Conduction and not Convection as in the case of liquids or gases.(c) (i) This process where some particular particles in the liquid have enough kinetic energy to escape from the surface of the liquid even when below boiling point (vaporization) is called evaporation.(c) (ii) As the high energy particles escape the liquid surface during the evaporation process, the average kinetic energy of remaining particles decreases which results in a temperature decrease in the liquid left in the container.

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