Question
Overview of Cellular Respiration and Fermentation KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. MAIN IDEA: Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. 1. What is function of cellular respiration? __ 2. Does glucose actually react with oxygen during cellular respiration?Explain __ MAIN IDEA: Cellular respiration is like a mirror image of photosynthesis. 3. In what two ways does cellular respiration seem to be the opposite of photosynthesis? __ 4. Write the chemical equation for the overall process of cellular respiration. Explain what the equation means. Identify the reactants, products, and the meaning of the several arrows. __ 5. The prefix glyco - comes from a Greek word that means "sweet." The suffix -lysis comes from a Greek word that means "to loosen."How are the meanings of these word parts related to the meaning of glycolysis? __ 6. What does it mean to say that glycolysis is an anaerobic process? __
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Quilla
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Answer
1. Function of Cellular Respiration:The primary function of cellular respiration is to convert biochemical energy from nutrients, such as sugars, into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and to release waste products. ATP is the energy currency of the cell, used to power various cellular processes.Answer: The function of cellular respiration is to produce ATP, which is used as energy for cellular processes.2. Reaction of Glucose with Oxygen in Cellular Respiration:Yes, glucose reacts with oxygen during cellular respiration. The process involves the breakdown of glucose (C6H12O6) in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and ATP. This reaction occurs in multiple steps through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.Answer: Glucose does react with oxygen during cellular respiration to produce ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.3. Opposite Aspects of Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis:Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes in two key ways:- Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, while cellular respiration releases energy by using oxygen to convert glucose back into carbon dioxide and water.- Photosynthesis is an anabolic process (building up), whereas cellular respiration is a catabolic process (breaking down).Answer: Cellular respiration seems to be the opposite of photosynthesis in that it releases energy from glucose, whereas photosynthesis stores energy in glucose, and it uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, whereas photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.4. Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration:The overall chemical equation for cellular respiration is:C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP)This equation means that one molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) reacts with six molecules of oxygen (6O2) to produce six molecules of carbon dioxide (6CO2), six molecules of water (6H2O), and energy in the form of ATP. The arrows indicate the direction of the reaction, from reactants to products.Answer: The chemical equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP). Reactants: glucose and oxygen. Products: carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.5. Meaning of Glycolysis:The term "glycolysis" can be broken down into "glyco-" meaning "sweet," referring to sugar, and "-lysis" meaning "to loosen," referring to the breakdown of sugar. Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down into pyruvate, releasing energy that is used to form ATP.Answer: The meanings of "glyco-" and "-lysis" are related to glycolysis because the process involves the breakdown (loosening) of the sweet molecule glucose to produce energy.6. Glycolysis as an Anaerobic Process:To say that glycolysis is an anaerobic process means that it does not require oxygen to proceed. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and can provide energy to the cell through the breakdown of glucose even when oxygen is not present.Answer: Glycolysis being an anaerobic process means it can occur without the presence of oxygen.