Question
Q8. A trampoline is made from a sheet of material held in place by stretched springs. The figure below shows a child on a trampoline. a) Position A shows the child's maximum height above the trampoline. Position B shows the lowest position reached by the child when landing on the trampoline. Describe the changes to the stores of energy of the: child springs surroundings as the child moves from position A to position B. __ Child __ __
Answer
4.2
(251 Votes)
Eli
Elite · Tutor for 8 years
Answer
1. Child: The child's potential energy at position A is converted into kinetic energy as they fall towards position B.2. Springs: The springs store elastic potential energy as they are stretched when the child lands at position B.3. Surroundings: Some energy is lost to the surroundings as heat due to friction between the trampoline and the air.
Explanation
## Step 1: Understanding the scenarioIn this scenario, we have a child on a trampoline. The child jumps and reaches a maximum height (position A) and then lands on the trampoline at the lowest point (position B). We are asked to describe the changes in energy stores for the child, the springs of the trampoline, and the surroundings as the child moves from position A to position B.## Step 2: Describing the changes in energy for the childAt position A, the child has maximum potential energy due to the height. As the child falls towards position B, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. ### \( \textbf{Potential Energy (PE)} = \textbf{mass (m)} \times \textbf{gravity (g)} \times \textbf{height (h)} \)### \( \textbf{Kinetic Energy (KE)} = \frac{1}{2} \times \textbf{mass (m)} \times \textbf{velocity (v)}^2 \)## Step 3: Describing the changes in energy for the springsAs the child lands on the trampoline at position B, the springs of the trampoline are stretched, storing elastic potential energy. ### \( \textbf{Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)} = \frac{1}{2} \times \textbf{spring constant (k)} \times \textbf{displacement (x)}^2 \)## Step 4: Describing the changes in energy for the surroundingsThe surroundings do not store energy in this scenario. However, some energy is lost to the surroundings as heat due to the friction between the trampoline and the air.