Article 231 The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies. Article 232 The Allied and Associated Governments recognise that the resources of Germany are not adequate...The Allied and Associated Governments, however, require, and Germany undertakes, that she will make compensation [payment] for all damage done to the civilian population of the Allied and Associated Powers and to their property during the period of the belligerency [the war] of each as an Allied or Associated Power against Germany by such aggression by land, by sea and from the air, and in general all damage...