The graph below represents the rate of a chemical reaction involving a particular human enzyme that breaks down starch. The most likely"reason the action of the enzyme decreases after 40^circ C is that 1 the DNA in the enzyme mutates and can no longer break down the starch 2 enzymes die after working for a long period of constant activity in the body 3. the shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions square as the temperature of the enzyme rises, the pH of the environment changes, deactivating the enzyme

Question

The graph below represents the rate of a chemical reaction involving a particular human enzyme that breaks down starch. The most likely"reason the action of the enzyme decreases after 40^circ C is that 1 the DNA in the enzyme mutates and can no longer break down the starch 2 enzymes die after working for a long period of constant activity in the body 3. the shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions square as the temperature of the enzyme rises, the pH of the environment changes, deactivating the enzyme

Answer 1

To answer this question, we need to understand how temperature affects enzyme activity and what could cause a decrease in enzyme activity after a certain temperature threshold is reached.Step 1: Analyze the given data from the picture details.The graph shows a typical enzyme activity curve with respect to temperature. The enzyme activity increases with temperature up to a certain point, after which it decreases. The points given are:- At 0°C, the activity is 0.- At 10°C, the activity is 10.- At 20°C, the activity is 20.- At 30°C, the activity is 30.- At 40°C, the activity is 20.- At 50°C, the activity is 0.Step 2: Understand the typical behavior of enzymes with temperature.Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions. As the temperature increases, enzyme activity typically increases because molecules move faster and collide more often, leading to more frequent enzyme-substrate interactions. However, beyond a certain temperature, the enzyme's structure can start to denature, meaning it loses its shape and, therefore, its functionality.Step 3: Evaluate the options based on the understanding of enzyme behavior.1. DNA mutation is not a direct result of temperature changes and would not occur rapidly in response to temperature fluctuations. DNA mutations are also not related to the immediate activity of enzymes.2. Enzymes do not "die" as they are not living organisms. They can become denatured or inactive, but this is not due to a period of constant activity.3. The shape of the enzyme changing due to environmental conditions, such as temperature, is a plausible explanation. High temperatures can cause enzymes to denature, which means they lose their three-dimensional structure and, as a result, their ability to catalyze reactions.4. While pH changes can affect enzyme activity, there is no information given that suggests a change in pH due to temperature. The question specifically asks about the effect of temperature on enzyme activity.Step 4: Extract the final answer.Based on the information provided and the understanding of enzyme activity, the most likely reason the action of the enzyme decreases after 40°C is that the shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions (high temperature), leading to denaturation.Final Answer: 3. the shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions

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