Students conducted an investigation to determine if the different substances were acids or bases. They used litmus paper which changes color to indicate if the substance is an acid or a base. Substance & }(c) Litmus Paper Color Change & Identification A & Red & Acid B & Blue & Base C & Blue & Base D & Red & Acid What was the test variable (independent variable) in this investigation? A. litmus paper B. identification C. color change D. different substances

Question

Students conducted an investigation to determine if the different substances were acids or bases. They used litmus paper which changes color to indicate if the substance is an acid or a base. Substance & }(c) Litmus Paper Color Change & Identification A & Red & Acid B & Blue & Base C & Blue & Base D & Red & Acid What was the test variable (independent variable) in this investigation? A. litmus paper B. identification C. color change D. different substances

Answer 1

D. different substances

Answer 2

## Step 1In any experiment or investigation, the independent variable is the factor that the experimenter intentionally changes or manipulates to observe its effect on the dependent variable.## Step 2In this case, the students in the investigation are changing the type of substance (Sample A, Sample B, Sample C, and Sample D) and observing its effect on the litmus paper. The substances are the independent variable because they are the ones being manipulated.## Step 3The other variables like the litmus paper, color change, and identification are dependent variables. They are dependent on the type of substance introduced. The litmus paper changes color, and this color change is used to identify whether the substance is an acid or a base.#

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