Question
2. How do ribosomes use mRNA and +RNA to cossemble proteins?
Answer
4
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Thomas
Elite · Tutor for 8 years
Answer
Ribosomes use mRNA and tRNA to assemble proteins through a process called translation, where mRNA codons are read by the ribosome, and corresponding tRNA molecules bring specific amino acids, which are then linked together to form a polypeptide chain.
Explanation
Ribosomes are molecular machines in cells responsible for synthesizing proteins. This process is known as translation and occurs in the following sequence:1. **mRNA Binding**: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome, dictating the order of amino acids in the protein. The ribosome reads the sequence of codons (three-base sequences) on the mRNA.2. **tRNA Function**: Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with a specific mRNA codon and an attached amino acid corresponding to that codon.3. **Protein Synthesis**: The ribosome facilitates the pairing of tRNA anticodon with mRNA codon. As each tRNA brings its amino acid, the ribosome links these amino acids together using peptide bonds to form a growing polypeptide chain.This tightly-regulated interaction between mRNA and tRNA within the ribosome ensures that proteins are assembled correctly according to the genetic instructions.