Question
Complete the following table about some atoms and ions. Particle & Atom or ion & }(c) Atomic number & Mass number & Number of protons & Number of neutrons & Number of electrons & Electron structure ( )_(12)^24 mathrm(Mg)^2+ & & & & & & & & & & & & & 6 & 8 & 6 & & & & & & 9 & 10 & 10 & 4 What is the structure type of each of the following substances. Tick the correct box. name & }(c) carbon doxide & copper(II) oxide & hydrogen sulfide & argon & glucose & graphene & copper & lithium sulfate formula & mathrm(CO)_(2) & CuO & mathrm(H)_(2) mathrm(~S) & Ar & mathrm(C)_(4) mathrm(H)_(2) mathrm(O)_(6) & C & Cu & mathrm(Li)_(2) mathrm(SO)_(4) giant covalent & & & & & & & & ionic & & & & & & & & metallic & & & & & & & & molecular & & & & & & & & monatomic & & & & & & & &
Answer
4.2
(184 Votes)
Catherine
Professional · Tutor for 6 years
Answer
The completed tables are:\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline\ Particle\ &\ Atom\ or\ ion\ &\ Atomic\ number\ &\ Mass\ number\ &\ Number\ of\ protons\ &\ Number\ of\ neutrons\ &\ Number\ of\ electrons\ &\ Electron\ structure\ \\\hline\ 26\ \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\ &\ Ion\ &\ 12\ &\ 26\ &\ 12\ &\ 14\ &\ 10\ &\ [Ne]\ \\\hline\ C\ &\ Atom\ &\ 6\ &\ 14\ &\ 6\ &\ 8\ &\ 6\ &\ [He]\ 2s^2\ 2p^2\ \\\hline\ F\ &\ Atom\ &\ 9\ &\ 19\ &\ 9\ &\ 10\ &\ 9\ &\ [He]\ 2s^2\ 2p^5\ \\\hline\end{array}\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline\ name\ &\ carbon\ dioxide\ &\ copper(I)\ oxide\ &\ hydrogen\ sulfide\ &\ argon\ &\ glucose\ &\ graphene\ &\ copper\ &\ lithium\ sulfate\ \\\hline\ formula\ &\ CO_2\ &\ CuO\ &\ H_2S\ &\ Ar\ &\ C_6H_{12}O_6\ &\ C\ &\ Cu\ &\ Li_2SO_4\ \\\hline\ giant\ covalent\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ &\ \\\hline\ ionic\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ \\\hline\ metallic\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ \\\hline\ molecular\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ &\ &\ \\\hline\ monatomic\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \checkmark\ &\ &\ &\ &\ \\\hline\end{array}
Explanation
## Step 1: The first part of the question asks us to fill in the table for the atom or ion
. The atomic number of magnesium (Mg) is 12, which means it has 12 protons. The mass number is 26, which is the sum of protons and neutrons. Therefore, the number of neutrons is
. As this is an ion with a charge of
, it means that it has lost 2 electrons, so it has
electrons. The electron structure of magnesium is
, but since it has lost 2 electrons, the electron structure of
is
.## Step 2: The second row of the table represents an atom because the number of protons (6) equals the number of electrons (6). The atomic number is 6, which corresponds to carbon (C). The mass number is \(6 (protons) + 8 (neutrons) = 14\). The electron structure of carbon is
.## Step 3: The third row of the table represents an atom because the number of protons (9) equals the number of electrons (9). The atomic number is 9, which corresponds to fluorine (F). The mass number is \(9 (protons) + 10 (neutrons) = 19\). The electron structure of fluorine is
.## Step 4: The second part of the question asks us to identify the structure type of each substance. Carbon dioxide (
) and glucose (
) are molecular because they are composed of nonmetals. Copper(I) oxide (
), hydrogen sulfide (
), and lithium sulfate (
) are ionic because they are composed of metal and nonmetal. Argon (Ar) is monatomic because it is a noble gas and exists as single atoms. Graphene (C) is giant covalent because it is a network of carbon atoms linked by covalent bonds. Copper (Cu) is metallic because it is a metal and its atoms are held together by metallic bonds.