5. In dragons, having short thorax (T) is dominant to long thorax (t) and long necks (L) are dominant to short necks (I). A heterozygous short thorax long neck dragon (TtNn)is crossed with a long thorax, short neck dragon (ttnn).

## Step 1This problem involves the principles of basic Mendelian genetics. The question pertains to Punnett squares, genotype frequencies, and traits of dominance. ## Step 2A dragon with the genotype is heterozygous for the short thorax trait and also has a heterozygous genotype for the long neck trait ('Nn'). This dragon is crossed with a dragon who has a homozygous recessive genotype for the long thorax trait ('tt') and also has a homozygous genotype for the short neck trait ('nn').## Step 3We will conduct a Punnett square to establish the possible outcomes genetically for these combinations. In principle, Punnett squares distribute the genotypes of the parents to their potential offsprings.## Step 4The parent with short thorax has genotypic configuration 'TNn' of which 'Tn', 'tN', and 'tn' could be produced in its gametes. The long thorax parent with genotype 'ttnn' will produce only 'tn' in its gametes.## Step 5When combined in a Punnett square, we would be able to predict the genotypic (and therefore phenotypic) outcomes of the offspring.