Question
Blood Types Worksheet Short Answer 1. What is an antigen? 2. What is an antibody? 3. What happens in agglutination? Why can it be deadly? 4. A patient has type AB blood. If they received a transfusion of type B blood, predict and explain what would happen. 5. A patient has type B blood. If they received a transfusion of type AB blood, predict and explain what would happen. 6. Predict and explain what will happen to a patient with type Oblood when they receive a transfusion from a type A donor. 7. A patient with type A blood needs a blood transfusion. Identify the blood types that are compatible with hers.
Answer
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Gareth
Elite · Tutor for 8 years
Answer
1. An antigen is a substance that triggers an immune response, especially the production of antibodies. In the context of blood, antigens are proteins found on the surface of red blood cells.2. An antibody is a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or toxins. In the context of blood, antibodies are found in the plasma and react with antigens that are not native to the individual's body.3. Agglutination occurs when antibodies in the blood bind to antigens on foreign red blood cells, causing them to clump together. This can be deadly because these clumps can block blood vessels, preventing the normal flow of blood and potentially leading to death.4. A patient with type AB blood has both A and B antigens. If they received a transfusion of type B blood, there would be no adverse reaction because their blood does not contain anti-B antibodies. The B antigens on the transfused blood would not trigger an immune response.5. A patient with type B blood has B antigens and anti-A antibodies. If they received a transfusion of type AB blood, the anti-A antibodies in their blood would react with the A antigens on the transfused blood, causing agglutination. This could potentially be deadly.6. A patient with type O blood has neither A nor B antigens, but they have both anti-A and anti-B antibodies. If they received a transfusion from a type A donor, the anti-A antibodies in their blood would react with the A antigens on the transfused blood, causing agglutination. This could potentially be deadly.7. A patient with type A blood has A antigens and anti-B antibodies. The blood types that are compatible with hers are type A and type O. Type A blood can be used because it also has A antigens, and type O blood can be used because it has neither A nor B antigens to react with the anti-B antibodies in her blood.