Question
3. Determine whether cach of the following situations provides, or is an example of, active or passive immunity. If passive, write P in the blank;if active, write A in the blank. __ 1. An individual receives Sabin polio vaccine __ 2. Antibodies migrate through a pregnant woman's placenta into the vascular system of her fetus __ 3. A student nurse receives an injection of gamma globulin (containing antibodies to the hepatitis virus)after she has been exposed to viral hepatitis __ 4. "Borrowed" immunity __ 5. Immunologic memory is provided __ 6. An individual suffers through chicken pox
Answer
4.3
(255 Votes)
Isolde
Professional · Tutor for 6 years
Answer
1. A2. P3. P4. P5. A6. A
Explanation
To determine whether the given situations are examples of active or passive immunity, we need to understand the two types of immunity:- **Active Immunity**: This occurs when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease. This can happen through infection with the actual disease (resulting in natural immunity) or through vaccination (resulting in vaccine-induced immunity). Immunologic memory is created.- **Passive Immunity**: This happens when a person receives antibodies from another person or animal. Passive immunity is provided by immune molecules (e.g., antibodies) transferred to a person rather than stimulated by their own immune system. It does not create immunologic memory.Given this background, let's classify each situation:1. **Sabin polio vaccine**: The Sabin polio vaccine stimulates the individual's immune response to produce antibodies, so this is active immunity.2. **Antibodies through a pregnant woman's placenta**: This is an example of passive immunity since the fetus receives ready-made antibodies from the mother.3. **Injection of gamma globulin**: Receiving antibodies directly through an injection provides passive immunity.4. **"Borrowed" immunity**: This term typically refers to passive immunity since the immunity is obtained from another organism.5. **Immunologic memory is provided**: Immunologic memory is associated with active immunity.6. **Individual suffers through chicken pox**: Contracting and recovering from an infection like chickenpox naturally leads to active immunity due to the body's immune response.