Question
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
Answer
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Hugo
Master · Tutor for 5 years
Answer
The endosymbiotic theory is the evolutionary theory that explains the origin of mitochondria and plastids (including chloroplasts), which are found in eukaryotic cells, by suggesting that these organelles originated as once independent prokaryotic cells which were engulfed by a host cell.
Explanation
## Step 1The Endosymbiotic Theory is a biological theory that provides an explanation for the origin of eukaryotic cells, which are cells that contain a nucleus and other organelles such as mitochondria or plastids.## Step 2The theory postulates that these organelles were once free-living prokaryotic cells, which are cells that do not have a defined nucleus.## Step 3According to the theory, these external cells were engulfed by a host cell.## Step 4Over a long period of evolutionary time, these engulfed cells became an integral part of the host cell's structure, forming a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. This relationship is known as endosymbiosis.## Step 5The endosymbiotic theory was notably articulated by Lynn Margulis in the late 1960s.## Step 6Understanding the endosymbiotic theory is crucial for comprehending the evolution and diversity of life on Earth.