Question
1. Identify: What factors led to the rise of absolute monarchies? 2. Summarize: How did Spanish power grow under Charles V? Under Philip II? 3. Identify Supporting Details:How did France build a centralized monarchy after the wars of religion? 4. Analyze: What impact did Spanish king Philip II and French king Louis XIV have on the arts? 5. Connections to Today:Would you consider Louis XIV a successful absolute monarch? What qualities did Louis XIV possess as a monarch that many people would find unacceptable today?
Answer
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Xenia
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Answer
1. Factors leading to the rise of absolute monarchies include: - Weak feudal systems necessitated centralized power. - Religious conflicts spurred monarchs to consolidate authority. - Economic changes like mercantilism demanded strong state control. - Philosophical justifications like divine right of kings legitimized absolute rule.2. Spanish power grew under Charles V through: - Inheritance of vast territories from his Habsburg family. - Expansion of the Spanish Empire through conquests in the Americas. - Control over valuable resources, particularly gold and silver. Under Philip II: - Consolidation of power in Spain and its colonies. - Strengthening of Catholicism through the Counter-Reformation. - Military victories such as defeating the Ottoman Empire at Lepanto.3. France built a centralized monarchy after the wars of religion by: - Weakening the nobility's power through royal bureaucracy. - Establishing uniform taxation and legal systems. - Enforcing religious unity through the Edict of Nantes and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes.4. Spanish king Philip II and French king Louis XIV impacted the arts by: - Patronizing artists and architects to promote royal propaganda. - Establishing grandiose royal palaces like the Escorial and Versailles. - Shaping artistic styles such as Baroque and Rococo to reflect royal power and glory.5. Louis XIV can be considered a successful absolute monarch for his achievements in centralizing power and expanding French influence. However, many people today would find his absolutist tendencies unacceptable. Louis XIV possessed qualities such as: - Authoritarianism: He exerted control over all aspects of governance and society. - Extravagance: His lavish lifestyle and grand projects burdened the state financially. - Religious intolerance: His persecution of religious minorities, such as the Huguenots, would be condemned today.