oman Working a Spinning Jenny e loose cotton strands on the slanted bbins shown in this illustration of Hargreaves's nning jenny passed up to the sliding carriage and then to the spindles (inset)in back for fine spinning. The worker, ost always a woman regulated the sliding carriage with one hand, with the other she turned the crank on the wheel to supply power. 783 one woman could spin by hand a hundred threads at a time. iling jenny: Mary Evans Picture Library/The Image Works; spindle Picture Research Itants & Archives) Many a tinkering worker knew that a better spin- ning wheel promised rich rewards. It proved hard to spin the traditional raw materials-wool and flax- with improved machines, but corron was different. Cotton textiles had first been imported into Britain from India by the East India Company as a rare and delicate luxury for the upper classes. In the eighteenth century a lively market for cotton cloth emerged in West Africa, where the English and other Europeans traded it in exchange for slaves. By1760 a tiny do- mestic cotton industry had emerged in northern En- gland, but it could not compete with cloth produced by-low-paid workers in India and other parts of Asia. International competition thus drove English entre- preneurs to invent new technologies to bring down labor costs. After many experiments over a carpenter and jack-of-all-trades James ration vented his cotton-spinning jenny aboutargreavelin most the same moment ght invented (or anufiction named Richard Arkwright invented (or rated) another kind of spinning machine, frame. These breakthroughs produced an explosing the infant cotton textile industry in the 178 plosion in was increasing the value of its output at an union it dented rate of about 13 percent each year. new machines were producing ten times as By1790 ton yarn as had been made in 1770. Hargreaves's spinning jenny was simple,inexpen sive, and powered by hand.In early models for expen. twenty-four spindles were mounted on a sliding to riage, and each spindle spun a fine, slender sliding car. machines were usually worked by women the carriage back and forth with one hand and moved a wheel to supply power with the other.Now it turned male weaver who could nor keep up with the vastly more efficient female spinner. Arkwright's water frame employed a different prin ciple. It quickly acquired a capacity of several spindles and demanded much more power unded single operator could provide.A solution was found in A pione silk mil people for all warer ized strear ploye begin cotta coar spin 179 pro in cor

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oman Working a Spinning Jenny e loose cotton strands on the slanted bbins shown in this illustration of Hargreaves's nning jenny passed up to the sliding carriage and then to the spindles (inset)in back for fine spinning. The worker, ost always a woman regulated the sliding carriage with one hand, with the other she turned the crank on the wheel to supply power. 783 one woman could spin by hand a hundred threads at a time. iling jenny: Mary Evans Picture Library/The Image Works; spindle Picture Research Itants & Archives) Many a tinkering worker knew that a better spin- ning wheel promised rich rewards. It proved hard to spin the traditional raw materials-wool and flax- with improved machines, but corron was different. Cotton textiles had first been imported into Britain from India by the East India Company as a rare and delicate luxury for the upper classes. In the eighteenth century a lively market for cotton cloth emerged in West Africa, where the English and other Europeans traded it in exchange for slaves. By1760 a tiny do- mestic cotton industry had emerged in northern En- gland, but it could not compete with cloth produced by-low-paid workers in India and other parts of Asia. International competition thus drove English entre- preneurs to invent new technologies to bring down labor costs. After many experiments over a carpenter and jack-of-all-trades James ration vented his cotton-spinning jenny aboutargreavelin most the same moment ght invented (or anufiction named Richard Arkwright invented (or rated) another kind of spinning machine, frame. These breakthroughs produced an explosing the infant cotton textile industry in the 178 plosion in was increasing the value of its output at an union it dented rate of about 13 percent each year. new machines were producing ten times as By1790 ton yarn as had been made in 1770. Hargreaves's spinning jenny was simple,inexpen sive, and powered by hand.In early models for expen. twenty-four spindles were mounted on a sliding to riage, and each spindle spun a fine, slender sliding car. machines were usually worked by women the carriage back and forth with one hand and moved a wheel to supply power with the other.Now it turned male weaver who could nor keep up with the vastly more efficient female spinner. Arkwright's water frame employed a different prin ciple. It quickly acquired a capacity of several spindles and demanded much more power unded single operator could provide.A solution was found in A pione silk mil people for all warer ized strear ploye begin cotta coar spin 179 pro in cor

Answer 1

The Spinning Jenny, invented by James Hargreaves around 1765, revolutionized the cotton textile industry in England. It was a simple, hand-powered machine with six to twenty-four spindles mounted on a sliding carriage. Workers, mostly women, regulated the carriage with one hand and powered the machine with a crank. This innovation significantly increased yarn production efficiency. In contrast, Richard Arkwright's water frame, invented around the same time, employed a different principle and required more power, leading to larger-scale production with several hundred spindles.

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