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5 A selection of metals were added to dilute acid. The temperature of the reaction was recorded before and after the metal was added. Which metal is the most reactive? B C D A Metal & }(c) Temperature before / ( )^circ mathrm(C) & Maximum temperature after / ( )^circ mathrm(C) A & 23.0 & 27.5 B & 22.5 & 29.0 C & 23.0 & 26.0 D & 24.5 & 30.0

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HaydenMaster · Tutor for 5 years

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The metal B with a temperature change of \(6.5^{°C}\) is the most reactive.

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## Step1: Understand the context The problem involves determining reaction activity based on temperature change. When a reactive metal is added to dilute acid, a chemical reaction happens which typically gives off heat, increasing the temperature. The greater the increase in temperature, the more reactive the metal is. ## Step2: Using the data given In this problem, a table provides the temperatures before and after metals A, B, C, D are added into dilute acid. ## Step3: Calculate the change in temperature for each metal We can calculate the change in temperature for each metal by subtracting the initial temperature of the reaction (before metal added) from the maximum temperature (after metal added). ### For metal A: \(\Delta T_A = T_{max,A} - T_{before,A} = 27.5 - 23.0 = 4.5^{°C}\) ### For metal B: \(\Delta T_B = T_{max,B} - T_{before,B} = 29.0 - 22.5 = 6.5^{°C}\) ### For metal C: \(\Delta T_C = T_{max,C} - T_{before,C} = 26.0 - 23.0 = 3.0^{°C}\) ### For metal D: \(\Delta T_D = T_{max,D} - T_{before,D} = 30.0 - 24.5 = 5.5^{°C}\) ## Step4: Determine the most reactive metal Finally, the greater the change in temperature, the more reactive the metal, and thus the metal with the highest \(\Delta T\) is the most reactive.

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