Costir will be ghen for clarioy of expression and onterib presentation of material. All quesrions carmy equat marke 1 (a) (t) What is meant by the term seed dispersaff (ii) State three ways in which seed dispersal is important. (a) (i) Define potentrat eheroo? (ii) A 400g orange on a tree is 120cm above the ground. Calculate the potential energy of the orange. [g=10ms^(-2)] (c) Give two examples each of the following types of fertilizer: (i) inorganic fertilizers; (ii) organic fertilizers. (d) Three liquids, dilute acid solution, alkaline solution and distilled water, were kept in unlabelled identical reagent bottles. Describe briefly a test that could be performed to identify each of the liquids. 2. (a) (i) Explain the term ration as used in animal production. (ii) Give three reasons for feeding animals with a balanced diet. (b) (i) State three processes involved in purifying water to be supplied to a community. (ii) What is the function of liquid ammonia in refrigerators? (c) (i) What does the expression plastics are insulators mean? (ii) A simple electrical circuit has a supply delivering 1.5V . If the current in the circuit is 0.5A , calculate the resistance. (d) Explain each of the following ecological terms: (i) community; (ii) population; (iii) ecosphere.

<br />1 ( a ) ( i ) Seed dispersal refers to the way seeds are spread or transported away from their parent plant to a new place. This transportation could be through water, wind, animals or explosions.<br />(ii) Seed dispersal is vital in a few ways. It helps reduce competition between plants of the same species since seedlings can be spread out and grow at some distance from the parent plant. Seed dispersal also allows plants to colonize new habitats by moving to locations with less competition and reproducing there. Additionally, seed dispersal extends plants' geographical range. <br /><br />1 ( b ) ( i ) Potential energy is energy that a body possesses because of its position relative to others or due to its state or condition, e.g., it could be a stone on top of a hill or a stretched spring.<br />(ii) The potential energy (PE) of the orange can be calculated using the formula m.g.h, where m = mass (0.4 kg), g = gravity (10 m/s^2, constant), and h = height (1.2 m). Therefore the energy PE = 0.4 kg x 10 m/s² x 1.2 m = 4.8 J. <br /><br />1. ( c ) Fertilizers can be inorganic or organic. Some examples of inorganic fertilizers include urea and ammonium nitrate. Urea provides the soil with nitrogen whereas Ammonium nitrate supplies the soil with ammonium a usable form of nitrogen. Organic fertilizers examples are yard waste composts and minure which are derived from plant or animal source.<br /><br />1 ( d ) One way to identify the three different groups of liquids is to test them with litmus paper. Acids turn blue litmus paper red, bases (alkaline) turn red litmus paper blue while perfect neutral, such as distilled water, doesn't have any effect on the color of the litmus paper.<br /><br />You can take ratio as the feeding regime given as per the body needs. A correct balance diet that is high in protein should be given for muscular development and less post- exercise damage.<br /><br />Each of purifying water stages serves to both remove harmful substances and improve the taste and smell of the water. <br /><br />Liquid ammonia serves as a refrigerant in refrigerators. It is used in a process called compression refrigeration, in which it becomes a gas absorbs heat from the refrigerator’s interior before being compressed back into a liquid.<br /><br />For an efficient electrical energy transfer between devices, the availability of good conducting materials become one of essential thing which is not provided by plastics.<br /><br />O's Waw also states in an instance where the potential Difference is directly proportional to the current which leads to R = 1.5V / 0.5A = 3Ω<br /><br />In the definition of global environment, speaking of global architecture, atmosphere land water cycles in short we talk about the world. Population directly refers to individuals belonging from respective habitats focusing on diversity while community spots on both the rural and urban communities.