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(iii) Water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes when the concentration of glucose in the blood was above 15 mmol per dm^3 Explain why water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes.

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(iii) Water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes when the
concentration of glucose in the blood was above 15 mmol per dm^3
Explain why water moved out of the red blood cells of the person
with diabetes.

(iii) Water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes when the concentration of glucose in the blood was above 15 mmol per dm^3 Explain why water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes.

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AderynElite · Tutor for 8 years

Answer

Water moved out of the red blood cells of the person with diabetes because the high glucose concentration in the blood made the blood hypertonic. To establish equilibrium, water molecules moved from the red blood cells (area of lower solute concentration) to the blood (area of higher solute concentration), causing the cells to shrink. This process is known as osmosis.

Explain

## Step 1: <br />The movement of water out of the red blood cells in a person with diabetes when the glucose concentration in the blood is above \(15 \mathrm{mmol}\) per \(\mathrm{dm}^{3}\) can be explained by the principle of osmosis. <br /><br />## Step 2: <br />Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, across a semi-permeable membrane, in this case, the membrane of the red blood cells. <br /><br />## Step 3: <br />In a person with diabetes, when the glucose concentration in the blood is high, the blood becomes hypertonic, meaning it has a higher solute concentration compared to the inside of the red blood cells. <br /><br />## Step 4: <br />As a result, to establish equilibrium, water molecules move out of the red blood cells and into the blood, causing the cells to shrink. This is a process called crenation.
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