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Answer the questions about each tree below. 1. In the diagram to the right, which node represents the most recent common ancestor for organisms B and C? __ 2. Which node represents the most recent common ancestor for A and C? __ 3. Which organism is B more closely related to A or C? Explain. __ 4. Which organism is B more closcly related to C or D? Explain. __

Question

Answer the questions about each tree below.
1. In the diagram to the right, which node represents the most recent common
ancestor for organisms B and C?
__
2. Which node represents the most recent common ancestor for A and C?
__
3. Which organism is B more closely related to A or C? Explain.
__
4. Which organism is B more closcly related to C or D? Explain.
__

Answer the questions about each tree below. 1. In the diagram to the right, which node represents the most recent common ancestor for organisms B and C? __ 2. Which node represents the most recent common ancestor for A and C? __ 3. Which organism is B more closely related to A or C? Explain. __ 4. Which organism is B more closcly related to C or D? Explain. __

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OrsonElite · Tutor for 8 years

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To answer these questions, we need to understand how to read an evolutionary tree (also known as a phylogenetic tree). The tree shows the relationships among various organisms based on their shared common ancestry. The points where branches split (nodes) represent common ancestors, and the order in which branches split indicates the sequence of divergence from a common ancestor.1. To find the most recent common ancestor for organisms B and C, we need to trace back their branches to the point where they meet at a single node. Since organism D branches first, followed by organism C, and then organism A and B from a common ancestor, the most recent common ancestor for B and C would be the node just before organisms A and B branch off.Answer: The most recent common ancestor for organisms B and C is the node just before organisms A and B branch off.2. To find the most recent common ancestor for A and C, we trace back the branches of A and C to the point where they meet at a single node. Since organism D branches first, followed by organism C, and then organism A and B from a common ancestor, the most recent common ancestor for A and C would be the node from which C branches off, which is also the same node from which A and B branch off.Answer: The most recent common ancestor for A and C is the node from which C branches off, which is also the same node from which A and B branch off.3. To determine which organism B is more closely related to, A or C, we look at the branching pattern. Since organisms A and B share a more recent common ancestor (the node just before they branch off), they are more closely related to each other than B is to C.Answer: Organism B is more closely related to A because they share a more recent common ancestor.4. To determine which organism B is more closely related to, C or D, we again look at the branching pattern. Since organism D branches off first, it is the least closely related to the other three organisms. Organisms B and C share a more recent common ancestor (the node from which A and B branch off after C has branched off) than the common ancestor that B and D share (which is the initial node from which D branches off).Answer: Organism B is more closely related to C than to D because B and C share a more recent common ancestor.
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